A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Chikungunya among Women’s in selected Urban Area of Jaipur, Rajasthan

 

Mr. Narendra Singh Chouhan¹, Dr. Paramjit Bawa²

¹Research Scholar, Himalayan University, Ita Nagar.

²Research Guide, Himalayan University, ItaNagar.

 

ABSTRACT:

Chikungunya is a re-emerging mosquito-borne viral infection that has spread from East Africa to Indian Ocean islands and re-emerged in India since 2004 and there are outbreaks all over the world. The National Vector Borne Disease Board of India, given prime importance to educate the public in general and women in specific on prevention against injections of Mosquito; since Mosquito control is the main outbreak control activity of Chikungunya. A Quasi – experimental research, pretest-post-test research design is used in present study. Self instructional module (SIM) to assess the effectiveness on prevention of Chikungunya. Simple random probability sampling method is adopted for selecting the 60 Women’s In Selected Urban Area of Jaipur, Rajasthan.” After conducting pre-test, Self Instructional Module (SIM) is administered and after 1 week, post –test is conducted to assess the effectiveness of SIM on knowledge of Women’s Regarding Prevention of Chikungunya. The mean pre-test score was 14.32 and mean post–test knowledge score was26.7 the association of knowledge score with selected socio-demographic characteristics is calculated with the help of chi-square test, and statistically, non significant association is found at the level of p£ 0.005.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Chikungunya is an emerging, epidemic-prone, vector-borne disease of considerable significance and prevalence in Member countries of World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia (SEA) Region. In the WHO South-East Asia Region, outbreaks have been reported from India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Maldives. Massive outbreaks of Chikungunya fever (CF) have occurred in recent years in India and in the island countries of the Indian Ocean.¹

 

Chikungunya fever is a viral disease transmitted to humans by the bite of infected Aedes and culex mosquito; including the day time-biting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species. The symptoms can include sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, joint pain with or without swelling, low back pain and rash. The symptoms are very similar to those of Dengue but unlike Dengue there is no hemorrhagic or shock syndrome form. This disease is almost always self-limited and rarely fatal.^2,5

 

Since April 2006 Chikungunya fever outbreak has been ongoing in three states in India: Karnataka, Maharashtra and AndraPradesh with possible breaks into neighboring states. However transmission can still occur and travelers to all tropical and subtropical areas of the world are reminded to take precaution to avoid mosquito bites³.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Chikungunya among Women’s in Selected Urban Area of Jaipur, Rajasthan.”

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

To achieve the objectives, A Quasi experimental approach with one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. The study was conducted in Jaipur with the sample size of 60 women’s selected by simple random sampling technique. Data was collected through a self administered questionnaire. It consists of two parts.

Part A: Socio-demographic characteristics of the participants.

Part B: Structured knowledge questionnaire and (SIM) on prevention of Chikungunya.

 

RESULTS:

The findings of the studies are:

·       Majority of the respondents 40% were in the age group of 26-35 years and Majority of the respondents (41.37 %) High school Education.

·       In that maximum number of women’s, 22(36.67%) were housewives, Most of the women’s 25(41.67%) pertaining to family income of between Rs.7001-9000,

 

 

·       Majority of respondents 46(76.67%) were Hindus, Most of the respondents 29(48.33%) belongs to joint family.

·       With regard to type of house majority of them 27(45%) were residing at pucca house, in that 43(71.67%) of them had open drainage system compared.

·       Majority of the respondents (40%) got information from Television/Radio, and most of the respondents 47(78.33%) doesn’t have a previous history of Chikungunya.

·       The present study confirms that there was a considerable improvement of knowledge after the SIM and is statistically established as significant In the pre test the subject had inadequate knowledge with a mean of 14.32 and standard deviation of 2.52 where as in post test there was a significant mean knowledge gain of 26.77 and standard deviation of 1.95. Which represents the effectiveness (t-78.73, p<0.01) of S.I.M. on prevention of Chikungunya.

 

Thus, the S.I.M was significantly effective in improving knowledge of women on prevention of Chikungunya.

 

Among the demographic variables analyzed in this study, there is significant association found at 0.05 levels between pre test level of knowledge of women’s and the selected demographic variables.

 

Table 1: Association between pre test knowledge and selected demographic variables

Sl. No	Demographic variables	Freq.	%	Level of Knowledge in Pretest
				< Median	>Median	Chi-square
				No.	No.
1	Age in years
	a. Less than 25 yrs	13	21.67	7	6	20.02 df 3 **
	b. 26 to 30 yrs	24	40.00	22	2
	c. 31 to 35 yrs	17	28.33	17	0
	d. Above 40 yrs	6	10.00	2	4
2	Education
	a. Primary School	18	30.00	17	1	7.49 df 3 N.S
	b. High School	25	41.67	21	4
	c. P.U.C/ Diploma/ ITI	8	13.33	5	3
	d. Graduate	9	15.00	5	4
3	Occupation
	a. Private employee	14	23.33	9	5	8.94 df 3 S*
	b. Govt. Employee	6	10.00	3	3
	c. Labor/ coolie	18	30.00	15	3
	d. House Wife	22	36.67	21	1
4	Religion
	a. Hindu	46	76.67	38	8	0.89 df 3 N.S
	b. Muslim	11	18.33	8	3
	c. Christian	3	5.00	2	1
	d. Any other specify	0	0.00	0	0
5	Family Income (Monthly)
	a. Below 5000	6	10.00	5	1	0.17 df 3 N.S
	b. 5001- 7000	17	28.33	13	4
	c. 7001 – 9000	25	41.67	20	5
	d. Above 9000	12	20.00	10	2
6	Type of Family
	a. Nuclear	27	45.00	21	6	0.28 df 2 N.S
	b. Joint	29	48.33	24	5
	c. Single parent	4	6.67	3	1
7	Type of House
	a. Kutcha	12	20.00	10	2	1.10 df 2 N.S
	b. Semi-pucca	21	35.00	18	3
	c. Pucca	27	45.00	20	7
8	Type of Drainage
	a. Open Drainage	43	71.67	36	7	1.31 df 1 N.S
	b. Closed Drainage	17	28.33	12	5
9	Information about Chikungunya
	a. Television / Radio	24	40.00	22	2	13.72 df 4 S**
	b. News Paper / magazines	15	25.00	12	3
	c. Relatives / Friends	7	11.67	5	2
	d. Health Personal	11	18.33	6	5
	e. None	3	5.00	3	0
10	Did you suffer from Chikungunya
	a. Yes	13	21.67	4	9	25.14 df 1 S**
	b. No	47	78.33	44	3

N.S- Not Significant, S- Significant *P<0.05 level, **P<0.01 level, ***P<0.001 level

 

 

Table 2: Aspect wise statistical analyses of pre-test and post-test mean knowledge score of respondents.                                                  n = 60

Aspects of Knowledge	Pre test			Post test			Paired 't' test
	Mean	SD	Mean %	Mean	SD	Mean%
Meaning, Causes, Mode of Transmission of Chikungunya.	5.42	2.01	45.14	9.92	0.81	82.64	16.64**
Signs and Symptoms, and Diagnosis of Chikungunya	2.15	0.84	35.83	4.67	0.90	77.78	18.87**
Treatment, prevention and control of Chikungunya.	6.75	0.79	42.19	12.18	0.68	76.15	38.44**
Over all	14.32	2.52	42.11	26.77	1.95	78.73	78.73**

** Significant at 0.01 level (P < 0.01),‘t’- value 2.39

 

 

DISCUSSION:

The present study confirms that the overall knowledge levels of women’s was significantly low in the pre-test with the overall mean percentage of 42.11% when compared to the mean percentage of post test knowledge scores of 78.73%.

 

The findings of the present study are similar with the findings of the study conducted by Daboer JC on Knowledge and treatment practices of Chikungunya among mothers. A cross-sectional descriptive study used cluster sampling technique, which enrolled 500 mothers from the urban slum. The mean score 49.6% was seen in overall 200 structured questionnaire. Study concluded stating that, there is knowledge deficit on prevention of Chikungunya and need for the educating the public to improve the knowledge. In par comparison with present study mean score was 42.11% on prevention of Chikungunya.4

 

Acknowledgement:

I extremely grateful for the invaluable contribution and support of the participants. This study could not have successful completion without their help. I want to acknowledge my Parents, my wife Mrs. Capt. Usha Rathore and Prof. (Dr.) Virendra Choudhary, Principal Seedling School of Nursing, Jaipur National University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) for his valuable suggestions, encouraging inspiration and support throughout research work.

 

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Received on 30.06.2020          Modified on 10.09.2020

Accepted on 18.10.2020      ©A&V Publications All right reserved